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Glycosaminoglycans Analysis Service

Glycosaminoglycans are large complex carbohydrate molecules that interact with a wide range of proteins involved in physiological and pathological processes. Glycosaminoglycans are sometimes known as mucopolysaccharides because of their viscous, lubricating properties, as found in mucous secretions. These molecules are present on all animal cell surfaces in the extracellular matrix, and some are known to bind and regulate a number of distinct proteins, including chemokines, cytokines, growth factors, morphogens, enzymes and adhesion molecules.

Glycosaminoglycans are linear, sulphated, negatively charged polysaccharides that have molecular weights of roughly 10-100 kDa. There are two main types of GAGs. Non-sulphated GAGs include hyaluronic acid (HA), whereas sulphated GAGs include chondroitin sulphate (CS), dermatan sulphate (DS), keratan sulphate (KS), heparin and heparan sulphate (HS). Glycosaminoglycans chains are composed of disaccharide repeating units called disaccharide repeating regions. The repeating units are composed of uronic acid and amino sugar. Therefore, GAGs differ in the type of hexose, hexosamine or hexuronic acid unit that they contain, as well as the geometry of the glycosidic linkage between these units. The amino sugar may be sulphated on carbons 4 or 6 or on the non-acetylated nitrogen; however, the sugar backbone of GAGs can be sulphated at various positions. As a result, a simple octasaccharide can have over 1 000 000 different sulphation sequences.

Figure 1 Proteoglycans consist of a protein core (brown) and one or more covalently attached glycosaminoglycan chains ([blue] HS; [yellow] CS/DS)

The simplest non-sulphated GAG HA has many important functional roles, including signalling activity during embryonic morphogenesis, pulmonary and vascular diseases and wound healing. Hyaluronic acid also acts as in the lubrication of synovial joints and joint movement, and its function has been described as space filler, wetting agent, flow barrier within the synovium and protector of cartilage surfaces. Anti-coagulation was the first described function for sulphated GAGs. Glycosaminoglycans play a major role in cell signalling and development, angiogenesis, axonal growth, tumour progression, metastasis and anti-coagulation. Sulphated GAGs are a common constituent in many different types of amyloid, playing an important role in the pathology of amyloid diseases such as amyloid A-amyloidosis, Alzheimer's disease, type-2 diabetes, Parkinson's disease and prion diseases.

Given the potential biological significance of DAGs, we have developed a reliable and reproducible method using highly sensitive LC-MS/MS method for the rapid identification and quantification of diverse glycosaminoglycans in different sample types, which can satisfy the needs of academic and industrial study in your lab.

Platform

LC-MS/MS

Summary

Identification and quantification of diverse polyols by LC-MS/MS.

Sample Requirement

Normal Volume: 100ul plasma; 50mg tissue; 2e7 cells
Minimal Volume: 50uL plasma; 30mg tissue; 5e6 cells

Report

A full report including all raw data, MS/MS instrument parameters and step-by-step calculations will be provided (Excel and PDF formats).
Analytes are reported as μM or μg/mg (tissue), and CV's are generally<10%.

How to place an order:

Ordering Procedure

*If your organization requires signing of a confidentiality agreement, please contact us by email.

With integrated set of separation, characterization, identification and quantification systems featured with excellent robustness & reproducibility, high and ultra-sensitivity, Creative Proteomics provides reliable, rapid and cost-effective glycosaminoglycans targeted metabolomics services.

Metabolomics Sample Submission Guidelines

Download our Metabolomics Sample Preparation Guide for essential instructions on proper sample collection, storage, and transport for optimal experimental results. The guide covers various sample types, including tissues, serum, urine, and cells, along with quantity requirements for untargeted and targeted metabolomics.

Download

Metabolomics Sample Submission Guidelines

* For Research Use Only. Not for use in diagnostic procedures.

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From Our Clients

"I recently used their proteomics service for a project analyzing protein interactions in yeast models. The team was very responsive and helped clarify the methodology they employed, which made me feel confident in the results. The data quality was solid, with clear identification of several key proteins involved in our study. Their thorough analysis enabled me to pinpoint specific interactions that I hadn't considered before, which significantly improved the direction of my research. I appreciate their professionalism and support throughout the process."

Sarah Thompson, University of California, Berkeley

"Our lab collaborated with them on a project studying cancer biomarkers. The proteomics analysis provided was detailed and focused, specifically highlighting the differential expression of proteins between healthy and tumor samples. Their clear explanations of the data helped my team understand the biological implications. I also appreciated their willingness to revise the reports based on our feedback, ensuring that we had everything we needed for our publication. This collaborative spirit was invaluable."

Emily Rodriguez, Stanford University

"Our lab worked with them on a project studying the effects of diet on gut microbiota using proteomics. They used a label-free quantification method to analyze proteins in fecal samples before and after dietary intervention. The results showed significant changes in protein expression linked to microbial activity. This was pivotal for our hypothesis about diet-microbiota interactions. The clarity of their data presentation made it easy for our team to integrate these findings into our ongoing research."

Dr. Lisa Wong, University of Toronto

"My experience with Creative Proteomics during the mass spectrometry analysis was excellent. We sent in human saliva and mouse brain tissue samples, which they expertly analyzed using both LC-MS and GC-MS techniques. The results were invaluable, revealing key metabolites in the saliva and identifying biomarkers linked to brain function in the brain tissue."

Dr. Emily Carter, Senior Research Scientist

"The overall service from Creative Proteomics was outstanding. They made the entire process seamless and efficient, allowing us to focus on our research. We worked with leaf and root samples from various Arabidopsis genotypes for targeted metabolomics analysis. Their thorough profiling of primary and secondary metabolites gave us important insights into how the plants respond metabolically to environmental stress."

Dr. Laura Henderson, Plant Physiologist

"We had a pleasant collaboration with Creative Proteomics on mass spectrometry analysis of lipids. They conducted a detailed analysis of lipid species, providing us with important insights into lipid metabolism and its relationship with metabolic syndrome disease states."

Dr. Sarah Mitchell, Research Scientist

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