Disulfide Bond Analysis Service

In proteins, disulfide bonds are key to changing their spatial structure and maintaining stability and functionality. Creative Proteomics offers superior disulfide bond analysis services to provide valuable insights into your protein research.

What is Disulfide Bond

Comprising a sulfhydryl group linking to 2 cysteine residues, -S-S- is characterized by its acknowledged stability. These bonds can form within the same peptide chain or between different peptide chains of proteins, playing a crucial role in folding, connecting, and stabilizing the spatial structure of peptide chains. Typically, an increase in the number of -S-S- correlates with higher protein stability against external factors. Nevertheless, these bonds are vulnerable to reduction, particularly in the reducing environment of the cytoplasm.

Fig.1 Schematic of disulfide bonds (Hidaka, Y.; Shimamoto, S.; 2022)

Found extensively in proteins, -S-S- exert significant influence on both secondary and tertiary structures. Commonly occurring in antibodies, growth factors, hormones, and receptors, these bonds also play a pivotal role in various protein products and target proteins within the domain of biopharmaceuticals. This includes antibody-coupled drugs and peptide pharmaceuticals. Tailored analysis services dedicated to protein -S-S- ensure a thorough examination, yielding valuable insights into their impact on protein folding, stability, and function.

Applications of Disulfide Bond Analysis

• Protein Folding and Stability
  Analyzing -S-S- contributes to an understanding of how they influence the folding kinetics and structural stability of proteins.
• Biopharmaceuticals Development
  In the development of biopharmaceuticals, ensuring correct -S-S- formation is crucial for the efficacy and stability of therapeutic proteins. It aids in quality control and optimization of production processes.
• Disease Mechanisms
  Aberrations in -S-S- are associated with various diseases, including neurodegenerative disorders and certain cancers. Analyzing -S-S- contributes to uncovering altered patterns as potential biomarkers or indicators of disease mechanisms.

Our Service

Creative Proteomics has advanced protein detection technologies and can provide customized services to researchers and scientists to help them reveal the complexity of PTM using powerful mass spectrometry technologies. Our services are thoughtful and detailed and the process of disulfide bond analysis service is as follows:

Fig.2 Disulfide bond analysis workflow

• Sample Preparation
  Proper extraction and preparation of proteins from biological samples to ensure preservation of proteins that contain -S-S-.
• Disulfide Bond Enrichment
  Enrichment techniques are employed to isolate proteins or peptides that contain -S-S-. This step is crucial as disulfide bond modifications are often present in low abundance compared to unmodified proteins.
• Detection
  WB, protein microarrays and LC-MS/MS are powerful tools for the identification and quantification of peptides that contain -S-S-, and they provide detection information that facilitates a comprehensive analysis of disulfide bonds.
• Bioinformatics Analysis
  Advanced bioinformatics tools are used to analyze data, identify peptides that contain -S-S-, and map these modifications to protein sequences.
• Result Delivery
  After professional data analysis, we deliver results quickly and consistently.

Creative Proteomics brings a wealth of experience to the field of protein research. Our comprehensive services and products cover the entire spectrum of utilizing suitable and efficient gateways. Utilizing our proprietary platform, we have successfully implemented many proteomics research projects. If you are interested, please contact us for more information and a quote.

Reference

• Hidaka, Y.; Shimamoto, S. Folding of peptides and proteins: role of disulfide bonds, recent developments. BioMolecular Concepts. 2013, 4(6): 597-604